CF Innovation Labs
ODA RESEARCH WORKING GROUP · 15 OCTOBER 2026

ODA 2026 research:
the data update.

How the 2025 analysis gets carried through 2024 and 2025, with the AI step built so you can check it.

Same two methods, same continuum, same definitions. What changes is the reach of the data and the evidence behind every number.

2014 to 2025
Series extended
2
Methods kept
4
Points of contact
January
Complete package
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What this update does · 01
Extend the series
The 2025 study ran to 2023, the newest year then available. Ending on a record year of foreign aid is why it was held back.

Through 2024 now, and through 2025 as soon as the OECD publishes it.

The pipeline will be built and tested before the December release lands, so the update runs within days rather than months.

What this update does · 02
Keep the method
Nothing in the measurement changes. Only the evidence behind it gets stronger.

Same two methods, same continuum, same definitions.

The purpose codes stay the official narrow measure, the virtual marker the wide descriptive one, and the continuum keeps its five categories.

Where a definition needs sharpening, this group decides the wording.

What this update does · 03
Strengthen the AI step
Last year one model made the call alone. A machine marking its own homework.

Two readers, an arbiter, and a flag for the hard cases.

Two models read every description independently, a stronger one settles the disagreements, and anything still unclear is queued for a person. Last year's report named this as the next step.

What this update does · 04
Make it usable
A number you cannot trace is a number you cannot defend. Every figure traces back to its activities.

A cleaned dataset, workbooks built around your questions, a report and a methodology annex.

The workbook tables are built from your questions, not my guesses. Code and documentation are handed over at the close.

How the classification works
Every activitythe database as it arrives
Not housing Housing, agreed Disagreement, arbitrated Queued for expert review
The material
01

Every activity reported to the OECD, in every sector.

Each record carries a short description written by the donor. That description is the only place housing shows up when the code does not name it.

Every one of them gets read. Not a sample.

2014 to 2024
Years in the frame
Every sector
Not only the housing codes
Method one
02

Two purpose codes carry the word housing.

16030 housing policy and 16040 low-cost housing. Whatever donors report under them, nothing more. Official, uncontested and narrow.

Method two, step one
03

Two models read every description independently.

Each one places the activity on the continuum and writes down its reasoning, from the same definitions, never seeing the other's answer. Where they agree, the label stands.

Method two, step two
04

Where the two disagree, a stronger model arbitrates.

It sees the description and both answers, decides, and records how sure it is.

Method two, step three
05

What is still unclear is flagged, not counted.

Where the arbiter is unsure, the activity goes to expert review. Everything else settles into its category, with in-donor refugee costs always reported separately.

Every decision is stored, so any number traces back to the activities behind it.

The engagement

Six stages, and where we are today

Several of you are joining this work for the first time, so here is the shape of it from start to close.

1

Set up and data

Last year's analysis rebuilt from today's data, so we start from a baseline we can defend.

We are here, starting today
2

Classification

Every new activity description read by two models, disagreements arbitrated, unclear cases queued.

Second half of October
3

Independent review

An expert classifies a sample blind, and you settle the borderline categories.

Late October and November
4

Outputs

Dataset, Excel workbooks, findings report, methodology annex.

November
5

2025 update

The new OECD release run through the same pipeline within days.

December
6

Close

Final package, closing presentation, code and documentation handed over.

January
Controls

How you can check the numbers

Three controls, all of them visible to you, and one caution.

Control one

Rebuild last year's figures

Last year's report rebuilt from today's data with last year's labels, so differences get explained rather than argued.

Control two

A written data log

Every data problem written down with what was done about it. No silent fixes.

Control three

Independent manual review

An expert classifies a sample without seeing the AI labels. The only honest accuracy test.

And one caution

Two effects, separated

Figures also move because the OECD revises history and the price base changed. Both are quantified separately.

What I need from this group

Three things, and the dates that make them work

A decision or a slot in the calendar, not much of your time.

1

The manual review

About 200 activities, half a day in total, and it can be split across several people. I send the pack.

Second half
of October
2

Your questions for the workbook

About twenty questions for the Excel workbook, so the tables are built around real use.

By the end
of October
3

A decision on the borderline cases

Should a drainage or municipal infrastructure project that never mentions housing count as housing? Your call.

At the review
Timeline

Four points of contact between now and January

First draft
30 October
  • Updated series through 2024
  • The report graphs rebuilt
  • Draft tables, and the first results presented to this group
Second draft
20 November
  • Manual review built in
  • Cleaned dataset and the Excel workbooks
  • Findings report and methodology annex
2025 update
7 December
  • Run within days of the OECD publishing the 2025 data
  • Publication expected mid December
Close
7 January
  • Full series, 2014 to 2025
  • Final report and the closing presentation
  • Code and documentation handed over
News from the DAC

The new OECD housing codes

Your advocacy changed the classification. Code 16040 becomes adequate housing development, and the new wording reads almost exactly like the Global Housing Continuum. It applies from 2027, which raises a question best answered with three views side by side.

View one

What is visible today

The two codes as donors report them now. The official picture.

View two

What would be visible from 2027

The new wording applied to the same activities. A simulation, because nothing will be reported under the new codes for years.

View three

The full picture

The virtual marker across the whole continuum. The widest view, and the reason this research exists.

Next step: first results on 30 October.

The manual review in the second half of October, and your questions by the end of the month.

Canhan Fidanoglu, CF Innovation Labs canhan.fidanoglu@cfinnovationlabs.com